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Central Italian flagellant confraternities evolved and emerged from Central Italian confraternities that originated in the tenth century. The members of these original confraternities were lay persons (usually men, but sometimes women) who were devoted to religious life. These groups promoted religious life but were independent of the church and offered an alternative form of service for those church members who did not want to commit themselves to the strict behaviors of monastic or convent life.〔Fenley, Laura. ''Confraternal Mercy and Federico Barocci’s Madonna Del Popolo: An Iconographic Study'' p. 13〕 Members of confraternities were usually wealthy citizens, with high profiles in the society, who assisted with religious rites by making financial donations and by reciting masses. Some confraternities were guided by the acts of mercy based on the New Testament Parable of the Sheep (Matthew 25: 31- 46.) From this parable, the church had drawn Seven Acts of Corporal Mercy, which included #feeding the hungry; #giving drink to the thirsty; #clothing the naked; #sheltering the homeless; #visiting the imprisoned; #visiting the sick; and #burying the dead.〔Fenley, p. 14〕 ==Social Aspects of Confraternity Participation in the Community== Although their original reason for being was to help their members achieve personal salvation, the Central Italian confraternities became increasingly social and political during their formative centuries (particularly the twelfth and thirteenth centuries). Some of these confraternities became powerful social influences as well in their communities. Often confraternity members began the work on their personal salvation by donating food and other alms to the poor; but in many central Italian cities, like Bergamo, the confraternities became so involved in the community that they provided dowries for young women, ransomed soldiers held captive by enemy governments, and provided restitution to victims of disasters and crime.〔Cossar, Roison. “The Quality of Mercy: Confraternities and Public Power in Medieval Bergamo.”〕 This social benevolence, however, was not focus of all of these confraternities. During the 13th century, confraternities were also founded which emphasized instead the need for personal mortification of the flesh as a way to salvation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Flagellant confraternities」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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